An examination of nurses’ role in preventing venous thromboembolism in hospitalized cardiac patients in Plateau State
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Background of the Study
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and potentially fatal complication in hospitalized patients, particularly those undergoing cardiac surgery or dealing with critical heart conditions (Khan et al., 2023). VTE, which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), can lead to severe complications, including death, if not properly managed. In the context of hospitalized cardiac patients, the risk of VTE is heightened due to factors such as immobility, the use of central venous catheters, and prolonged bed rest (Adeoye et al., 2023). In Plateau State, like many parts of Nigeria, the management of VTE remains a challenge due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure, limited resources, and insufficient awareness regarding preventative measures (Sulaimon et al., 2023).
Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a critical role in preventing VTE through early identification of risk factors, administering prophylactic treatments, promoting early mobilization, and educating patients on the importance of VTE prevention (Olabode et al., 2023). In Plateau State, cardiac nurses are involved in various preventive strategies, but there is limited research on the specific practices and effectiveness of these interventions. This study aims to examine the role of nurses in preventing venous thromboembolism in hospitalized cardiac patients in Plateau State, focusing on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding VTE prevention.
Statement of the Problem
Venous thromboembolism remains a significant risk for hospitalized cardiac patients, with many instances going undetected or unaddressed due to the lack of adequate prevention measures. Despite the recognized role of nurses in VTE prevention, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the specific practices and interventions implemented by nurses in Plateau State. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the current practices, challenges, and outcomes related to VTE prevention among nurses working with cardiac patients in Plateau State.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the knowledge and awareness of nurses in Plateau State regarding the prevention of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized cardiac patients.
2. To evaluate the preventive measures adopted by nurses in the management of VTE in hospitalized cardiac patients.
3. To identify the challenges faced by nurses in implementing effective VTE prevention strategies in Plateau State.
Research Questions
1. What is the level of knowledge and awareness of nurses in Plateau State regarding venous thromboembolism prevention in hospitalized cardiac patients?
2. What preventive measures do nurses implement to manage VTE in hospitalized cardiac patients?
3. What challenges do nurses face in the effective prevention of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized cardiac patients in Plateau State?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses in Plateau State have a moderate level of knowledge and awareness regarding venous thromboembolism prevention in hospitalized cardiac patients.
2. The implementation of preventive measures by nurses significantly reduces the incidence of VTE in hospitalized cardiac patients.
3. Nurses face significant challenges in implementing effective VTE prevention strategies in hospitalized cardiac patients in Plateau State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working with hospitalized cardiac patients in Plateau State, specifically those involved in VTE prevention. It will examine knowledge, practices, and the effectiveness of preventive interventions. Limitations include potential biases in self-reported data and the cross-sectional design, which may not fully capture the long-term impact of VTE prevention strategies.
Definitions of Terms
1. Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): A condition involving the formation of blood clots in the veins, which can lead to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE).
2. Prophylaxis: Measures taken to prevent a disease or condition, in this case, the prevention of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients.
3. Cardiac Nurses: Nurses specializing in the care of patients with heart-related conditions, including those who may be at risk of venous thromboembolism.
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